Commercial Poultry Farming: Learning Resource Material [Grade-11]

  

sector over the last three and a half

decades. Today, poultry production has become one of the most rapidly growing

enterprises within the reach of the poor, women, marginal farmers and entrepreneurs,

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considering the trends of population growth, urbanization, road access, transportation

linkages, increasing awareness on nutrition and growing demands for consumer

products, increasing international level restaurants, it will be safe to assume that

poultry sector will constantly grow in a foreseeable future. In addition, since poultry

farming are within the reach of all classes of society, including women, marginal

farmers and schedule caste and tribes, it could become one of the government’s

strategic activities for poverty reduction and for reaching the most disadvantaged

socio-economic groups. In Nepal, the national poultry flock includes chickens, ducks,

pigeons and other birds that are kept in different production system.

Ranking

 Chicken meat production ranking in the world: 112th

 Egg production ranking in the world: 92nd

 Laying hen 12,388,889(2016/017)

 Chicken meat 57268mt(2016/017)

 Egg production 1352296000 (2016/017)

 GDP contribution by agriculture: 33.7 percent

 GDP contribution by poultry: 3.5 percent

 Investment: NRs 22billion industry

 Export: No history of export, recently started exporting broilers/eggs to Bhutan

Import: 1 091 7309 (985 503 broiler and 107 894 layer parent stock in

2011/2012), ample evidence of informal trade of local, broiler live chickens,

eggs and dressed chickens from India in cross-border districts.

 Growth rate: 17-18 percent

 Number of farms: More than 1 000 broiler farms and 500 layer farms

 Grand Parent stock: established by Cobb-Nepal with start of production from

September 2013 Supporting industries: 98 hatcheries, 111 feed industries

 Employees: 70 000 direct and many more indirectly

 Production: 1 170 573 broilers and 118 208 layers chickens per week

 Feed production: 646 845 tones in 2010/2011

 Demand of poultry meat/day: 150 000 kg/day

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Source: FAO. 2014. Poultry Sector Nepal. FAO Animal Production and Health

Livestock, Country Reviews No. 8. Rome

1.4 Importance, scope, problems and contribution to NGDP and AGDP

Importance of Poultry in Nepal:

 Unproductive, low land area produce high product.

 Fast gain (within 40 days)

 Chief source of Human food and nutrition(Protein)

 Any age group and community easily accepts.

 Livelihood and generate self-employment.

 Poverty elevation

 Easy source of income

 Utilization of waste food to convert valuable meat and egg.

 Decrease malnutrition

 Contribution to National economy (NGDP and AGDP)

Scope and constrain:

So far as the scope of poultry in Nepal is concerned, poultry farming has a great and

good scope in present context. People are being engaged in poultry farming because

of more profit. Some of the reasons for the increment in its scope are summarized

under the points given below:

 Increase in the number of hatchery farms and consumers of the poultry product.

 People are being educated thus consumers of poultry products have been

increased.

 Products can be obtained within short period of time in case of the meat

production.

 Poultry farming provides the employment opportunity all-round the year.

 Poultry meat, egg as well as litters can be used.

 Decrease malnutrition

Talking about the constraints of the poultry farming in Nepal:

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 Unavailability of the required materials like vaccines, medicines in time.

 Some disease which appears suddenly like bird flu has become a great threat to

Nepalese poultry farming.

 No proper and adequate support from the government side.

Conclusion:

From the above data regarding the present poultry condition in Nepal we can draw

some conclusions which are summarized under the following:

 Terai has maximum percentage share in poultry population and the mountain has

the least.

 Central development region has the maximum share in poultry population

whereas far-western development region has the least.

 Hills have maximum contribution in egg production and the mountain has the

least.

 In belt wise meat production share terai has maximum contribution and the

mountain has the least.

 In region wise meat production, central development region has the most and the

farwestern development region has the least contribution.

 In egg production hill contributes the most and the mountain the least.

 Production and farming of duck is very less as compared to the chicken so duck

production can be improved where there is possibility.

Above concluding points reveals that, for the betterment of poultry farming people of

mountain should be taken into focus during policy making. They should be encouraged

to be involved in this sector. Reasons why the mountain is back in poultry production

should be explored and the solution measures should be implemented. Similarly, far

western development region is also backward in poultry production than other regions.

It may be due to the lack of transportation facilities, unavailability of the required

materials in time and lack of the market. Thus, in FW development region those

problems should be solved in order to uplift the poultry status. In case of egg

production, hill comes the first so layers can be promoted in the hilly regions if poultry

meat production cannot be better than the egg production.

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Furthermore, it can be concluded that present status of the poultry farming in Nepal is

very good. If some constraints in this occupation are solved then poultry can also be a

good option for addressing food security problem also. People should also be more

motivated towards this occupation. Support from government side should be

increased. A major threat in this occupation; some diseases if are prevented then

poultry could be one of the major part of Nepalese economy.